From waste to valuable compounds: Ecological methods for the extraction and microencapsulation of bioactive compounds from Agri-food waste

What if the peels, seeds, and pulp we toss away could become the next generation of health-boosting compounds? A new review shows how eco-friendly methods are turning agri-food waste into valuable bioactive treasures.

Every year, mountains of agri-food waste are discarded, yet hidden within these scraps lie bioactive compounds with real potential. A systematic review, conducted by two independent reviewers, sifted through the scientific literature with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each study was tagged as "include," "exclude," or "maybe," and a third reviewer resolved any disagreements. This meticulous process led to 68 primary studies being included in the final analysis.

The review also employed bibliometric tools—Bibliometrix and VOSviewer—to map the research landscape. By analyzing the co-occurrence of keywords, the authors identified emerging trends and research hotspots in the field. The focus is clear: ecological extraction methods, such as Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), are gaining traction as sustainable alternatives to traditional solvents.

Microencapsulation, another key theme, offers a way to protect these fragile compounds, ensuring their stability and bioavailability. The findings underscore a shift toward greener, more efficient technologies that turn waste into valuable resources. This is not just about waste management—it's about redefining value in the food system.

Key Points

• 68 primary studies included after rigorous screening.
• Bibliometric analysis used Bibliometrix and VOSviewer.
• Ecological extraction and microencapsulation turn waste into value.