Green extraction of anthocyanins from fruits and by-products using deep eutectic solvents: A sustainable approach

What if the key to extracting vibrant, health-boosting pigments from fruit came from nature's own chemistry? Deep eutectic solvents might just be the sustainable answer we've been searching for.

Imagine a solvent that is gentle on the planet and powerful enough to pull out the colorful anthocyanins from fruits. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are emerging as a green alternative to harsh organic solvents. They are characterized by low volatility, high solubility, and low toxicity, making them a tenable platform for optimizing extraction conditions.

What's even more exciting is the rise of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). These biodegradable, recyclable, and cost-effective solvents are made from natural compounds. Their environmental friendliness aligns perfectly with green chemistry principles, offering a substitute for synthetic solvents.

The extraction process isn't one-size-fits-all. Efficiency depends on the type of NADES, extraction time, and temperature. But here's the kicker: integrating NADES with emerging technologies like ultrasound, microwaves, high pressure, or supercritical fluid pre-treatment can boost efficiency, selectivity, and product quality.

This review dives into how DES and NADES can extract anthocyanins from various fruit sources, exploring techniques, conditions, and yields. The potential is vast—NADES as designer solvents could transform the food and nutraceutical industries, making sustainability a tangible reality.

Key Points

• NADES are biodegradable, recyclable, and cost-effective.
• Extraction efficiency depends on NADES type, time, and temperature.
• Integration with ultrasound, microwaves, or high pressure boosts efficiency.