Valorization of waste: Innovative techniques for extracting bioactive compounds from fruit and vegetable peels - A comprehensive review

Did you know that the peels you toss away could be a goldmine of health-boosting compounds? Up to 92% of fruit and vegetable processing waste is made up of these discarded skins, packed with bioactives just waiting to be unlocked.

Fruits and vegetables are not just tasty—they are packed with bioactive compounds that promote health. But when we process them, we create a mountain of waste. In fact, peels alone make up a staggering 90–92% of that waste. These seemingly useless scraps are actually rich in valuable bioactives that could be turned into ingredients for food and pharmaceuticals.

This review dives into the world of extraction techniques, comparing traditional methods with cutting-edge non-conventional ones. Think microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, pulsed electric fields, and even supercritical fluid extraction. The goal? To squeeze every last drop of goodness from peels while being kind to the planet.

The spotlight is on non-conventional technologies, which promise higher yields and a smaller environmental footprint. By adopting these innovative methods, the fruit and vegetable processing industry can transform waste into wealth, supporting a circular economy. This isn't just about science—it's about rethinking what we call 'trash.'

Key Points

• Peels make up 90–92% of fruit/vegetable processing waste.
• Non-conventional methods boost extraction yields sustainably.
• Innovative techniques support a circular economy.